Topical formulations (things to put on your skin) are split into different categories depending on the base type of product and its characteristics. Creams, gels, solutions, lotions and ointments can all be applied to the skin to treat certain conditions. Ointment describes a smooth and oily substance, making it greasy to put on, compared to creams, lotions and gels, which have an increasingly high water content, rather than oil. This makes ointment a doctor's favourite choice for eczema, as it moisturises the skin and reduces inflammation, and an ointment can also carry other medications within it. Creams and lotions are often preferred by parents and patients as they are less messy and absorb more quickly. But they are less moisturising, and often contain preservatives and antibacterials to protect against any bugs growing in their water content, and this may be irritating on sensitive eczema-prone skin. Here we will talk you through some of the ointments available for eczema.

The E45 range of skincare products has been formulated to treat dry, sensitive or eczema-prone skin. It includes creams and lotions and comes in a variety of pack sizes. Like many other dry skin products, the main ingredients in E45 are white soft paraffin and light liquid paraffin. With regular use, this repairs dry skin, but depending on the severity, this might need to be used up to four times a day to see the best effect.

Emollients are moisturising treatments applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate the skin. They cover the skin with a protective film to trap moisture and protect the skin.   Emollients are often used to help manage dry, itchy or scaly skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. They can come as cream, ointments, lotions, gels and sprays. Some emollients can also be used as soap substitutes in the bath or shower. All emollients are safe for babies, the elderly and women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Healthcare professionals use a steroid ladder for prescribing creams to patients, often starting with the mildest possible steroid before moving on to the next one up the ladder. Steroid creams, also known as topical corticosteroids, work by exerting anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects on the skin. The active ingredients in these creams are synthetic versions of corticosteroids, which are hormones naturally produced by the adrenal glands. How do steroid creams work? The primary mechanism of action involves the modulation of various cellular processes in the skin to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with certain skin conditions. Here's a breakdown of how steroid creams work: Anti-Inflammatory Steroids inhibit the inflammatory response in the skin. Inflammation is a complex process involving the release of various chemical mediators, such as prostaglandins and cytokines, which contribute to redness, swelling, and itching. Corticosteroids interfere with the production of these inflammatory mediators, leading to a reduction in the inflammatory response. This helps to alleviate the symptoms of skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis. Immunosuppressive effects Corticosteroids have immunosuppressive properties, meaning they suppress the activity of the immune system. In the context of skin conditions, this is beneficial because many skin disorders involve an abnormal immune response. By dampening the immune response locally, steroid creams help control the excessive immune activity responsible for inflammation and tissue damage in certain skin conditions. Inhibition of immune cells Corticosteroids act on various immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes, which play a key role in the inflammatory process. They inhibit the activation and function of these immune cells, reducing their ability to produce inflammatory substances. This inhibition helps break the cycle of inflammation and prevents further damage to the skin. How steroid creams are applied Steroid creams are usually applied topically to the affected skin areas. The cream or ointment is spread thinly and evenly over the affected area. The frequency of application and the duration of treatment depend on the specific medication, the severity of the condition, and the guidance of the prescribing healthcare professional. It's important to follow the prescribed regimen and not to use more than recommended, as excessive use can lead to side effects. Important considerations Steroid creams are generally effective, but their use requires caution. Prolonged or inappropriate use can lead to side effects, including skin atrophy (thinning), striae (stretch marks), and telangiectasia (dilated blood vessels). Stronger formulations are typically reserved for more severe conditions and are often used for shorter durations under close medical supervision. Steroid creams should not be used on the face for extended periods, especially around the eyes, as the skin in these areas is more sensitive.

If you’ve ever been caught off guard by an insect bite or sting, you know just how irritating the swelling, itching, and discomfort can be. Whether it’s a mosquito, bee, or wasp, these little nuisances can quickly ruin a good day outdoors. That’s where Anthisan Cream comes in. This topical treatment is a go-to for soothing the pain and itchiness caused by insect bites and stings. Its active ingredient targets the inflammation and irritation right where you need it, providing fast and effective relief. In this article, we’ll explore how Anthisan Cream works and how you can use it to get back to feeling your best.

If you have symptoms consistent with acne, or have previously been told by your doctor that you have acne then there are many treatment options. These can start small at home with some self-treatment, increasing up to creams and tablet medications, and finally, a referral to a skin specialist if needed. Prescribed vs cosmetic acne treatments Within the past few years, the growth of the ‘cosmeceuticals industry’ has increased rapidly. Whether you walk into a well-known high street pharmacy or shop at online beauty retailers, you cannot deny that many skincare products contain bioactive ingredients that claim to have medical benefits, such as fading acne scars. These claims hold some truth as the ingredients they use are present in prescribed treatments for skincare concerns. Skincare products available to buy without a prescription contain weaker forms of these active ingredients or are diluted in their strength. However, it is important to note that there are no requirements for skincare products to have their claims proven. That’s not to say that they are of no use. Some people benefit from these skincare products alone, whereas some may require stronger prescribed treatment from their doctor.

Acnecide is a popular over-the-counter treatment for acne, available in both gel and face wash forms. Its active ingredient, benzoyl peroxide, has long been recognized for its effectiveness in managing acne. In fact, it’s clinically proven to kill up to 95% of the bacteria responsible for acne, making it a reliable option for many people.

Enjoying the sun is one of the best ways to absorb vitamin D, but it can also increase the risk of skin cancers if not appropriately protected. While wearing any sunscreen is better than not wearing any, finding the right sunscreen can make a huge difference in protection from the sun. Other protection includes physical protection, such as clothes, accessories or staying in the shade.

These are creams, ointments and lotions that contain steroids. Topical steroids work by reducing inflammation in the skin. They come in varying potencies (strengths). We will go through when you will use a steroid cream and its side effects.

Retinol (Vitamin A) is a fat-soluble vitamin that has an important role in several key functions in the human body. It helps your immune system function, helps your vision in dim light, and contributes to overall skin health. It is found in several foods, but can also be taken as a supplement. It is in the majority of multivitamins or can be taken as a tablet on its own.

Retinol, a form of Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin broken down to "retinoids", which is found in several foods and is essential for several vital functions; helping your body's immune system work properly, helping vision in dim light, keeping skin and other linings of the body healthy. It is found in tablet form as a supplement and in the majority of multivitamins. It is also found in many skin care products, which boast effective acne reduction and anti-aging properties. This is true and is supported by research!

There are a wide range of prescription eczema creams available. Here the Healthwords team will break them down into the different groups of medications that are available, and within those groups, there are many more different types of medications.