Dog Bite

If the bite appears to be minor and there's no break to the skin, it’s sensible to watch and wait for any signs of infection or discomfort. There may be some mild bruising, but this normally settles within a few days without any treatment being needed.

If there's any break to the skin, clean the wound under cool running water immediately for 15 minutes and pat dry with sterile gauze or a clean towel or tissue. If there is bleeding, apply firm pressure with the gauze or towel for up to 15 minutes, and wrap well before seeking help. If there is anything embedded in there, such as a tooth or dog hair, try to ease it out with the gauze, but don’t force it as this can be safely removed by an emergency team.

You can attend your local emergency department, walk-in centre, or urgent care centre for urgent medical attention. If the bite appears fairly minor, you could call your doctor or 111 for same-day advice.

If there is a break to the skin, you are likely to be given a course of antibiotics and if needed, you may be offered stitches to help it heal. If there is a risk of damage to a joint, bone or nerve, there’s excessive bleeding or the wound is deep, or if it involves the face, your team may seek a specialist opinion, and they may do further tests such as an X-ray or another scan.

You may also be offered a tetanus booster vaccine, if you’re not sure when you last had one, or you know it was more than five years ago.

Once home, you should keep the wound clean and dry, and apply dressings as directed.

Bacteria is the most likely infectious agent, but there’s the possibility of others. If there’s any risk of rabies, you or your child will be offered a rabies vaccine to protect you. Rabies is not present in the UK, but it may be a risk if you’re abroad.

Watch out for any signs of infection, such as the area around the injury becoming red, swollen, hot or sore, yellow or white pus oozing out, you start feeling unwell or feverish, or you are finding it difficult or painful to move any joints or muscles under the bite. Return to the emergency department if this is the case.

If this is your dog, you will know about their vaccination status. We don’t have rabies here in the UK, but if your dog was brought from abroad, they should have been vaccinated by law. If you are unsure, your medical team may suggest giving you or your child the rabies vaccine for protection.

A dog that bites is potentially dangerous to you, your family, neighbours and strangers. Your medical team will ask about the circumstances and may suggest that the incident is reported to the police to protect other members of the public. If this was your dog, you are personally responsible for their behaviour and could be criminally liable for future attacks. If this is someone else’s dog, they will be held responsible.